<\/span><\/h2>\nTrong ti\u1ebfng Anh, <\/span>“already”<\/b> \/\u0254\u02d0l\u02c8red.i\/ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian, mang ngh\u0129a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <\/span>“\u0111\u00e3”, “r\u1ed3i”, “\u0111\u00e3… r\u1ed3i”<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <\/span>s\u1edbm h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn<\/b> ho\u1eb7c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n
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<\/span>C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng already trong ti\u1ebfng Anh<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nTr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb “already” th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu:<\/span><\/p>\nDi\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh:<\/b> B\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xong xu\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> I have <\/span>already<\/b> finished my homework. <\/span>(T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m xong b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 r\u1ed3i.)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\nTh\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean:<\/b> Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhanh h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> Is it 10 PM <\/span>already<\/b>? <\/span>(\u0110\u00e3 10 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i sao?)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n
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<\/span>Already \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong c\u00e2u?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e2u<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “already” trong c\u1ea3 giao ti\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn v\u0103n vi\u1ebft. \u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng mang qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc th\u00e1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00e2u, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng sau tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (have\/has\/had) v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh (V-ed\/V3)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac “kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n” nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c th\u00ec ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> We have <\/span>already<\/b> booked the flight to Da Nang. <\/span>(Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t xong v\u00e9 m\u00e1y bay \u0111i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng r\u1ed3i).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb “to be”<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> The meeting is <\/span>already<\/b> over. <\/span>(Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u1ed3i).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb khuy\u1ebft thi\u1ebfu (modal verbs nh\u01b0 can, could, will, should…) v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> You should <\/span>already<\/b> know how to use this software. <\/span>(L\u1ebd ra b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00e2u<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nVi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y “already” xu\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0o c\u00e2u n\u00f3i. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t nhanh h\u01a1n, s\u1edbm h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Trong c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n (C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi):<\/b> Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd cao \u0111\u1ed9.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> Have you finished reading that 500-page book <\/span>already<\/b>? <\/span>(C\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc xong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch 500 trang \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i \u00e1? – B\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc qu\u00e1 nhanh).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n- Trong c\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/b> Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> I just sent the email 5 minutes ago, and they replied <\/span>already<\/b>! <\/span>(T\u00f4i m\u1edbi g\u1eedi email 5 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ed3i c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea5y!)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2u\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nTrong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y “already” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2u. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong v\u0103n vi\u1ebft h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed trang tr\u1ecdng, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ednh tu t\u1eeb. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t “already” l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> Already<\/b>, the new policy has shown positive impacts on the local economy. <\/span>(Ngay l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c l\u00ean n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n
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<\/span>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac already v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “already” n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u00ec Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Present Perfect).<\/span><\/p>\n\n- C\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/b> S + have\/has + already + V3\/ed + …<\/b> (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: We have already booked the tickets.)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n
- C\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n:<\/b>
\n<\/b>Have\/Has + S + already + V3\/ed + …?<\/b> (Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a already xu\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00e2u: Have\/has + S + V3\/ed + … + already?)<\/span><\/i> (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Have they already signed the contract?)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/b><\/span> “Already” r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e2u ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh (thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “Yet”).<\/span><\/p>\n
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<\/span>Already + verb g\u00ec? D\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nV\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, “already” \u0111i k\u00e8m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb hai (<\/span>V3\/ed<\/b>). C\u00e1c th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi “already” bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Th\u00ec Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Present Perfect):<\/b> I have already <\/span>seen<\/span><\/i> that movie.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Past Perfect):<\/b> When I arrived, the train had already <\/span>left<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Th\u00ec T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Future Perfect):<\/b> By next month, I will have already <\/span>graduated<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7:<\/i><\/strong><\/span> Trong ti\u1ebfng Anh-M\u1ef9 (American English) giao ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y “already” \u0111i v\u1edbi <\/span>th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n (Past Simple)<\/b>. <\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/i> I <\/span>already ate<\/b> my lunch. (Thay v\u00ec <\/span>I have already eaten…<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/p>\n
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<\/span>Already + g\u00ec? C\u00e1c c\u1ee5m th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi “already”:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Already know:<\/b> \u0110\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i. <\/span>(I already know the truth.)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n
- Already have:<\/b> \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ed3i. <\/span>(We already have enough supplies.)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n
- Already done\/seen\/heard:<\/b> \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0m\/\u0111\u00e3 xem\/\u0111\u00e3 nghe r\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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<\/span>So s\u00e1nh Already \u2013 Yet \u2013 Still<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 “b\u1ed9 ba” tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. H\u00e3y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/span><\/p>\n