<\/span><\/h2>\n“In which” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 (relative phrase) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (defining relative clause) ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (non-defining relative clause).<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 (relative adverb) ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb + \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 (preposition + relative pronoun), th\u01b0\u1eddng thay th\u1ebf cho “where” ho\u1eb7c “in + which” (khi “which” thay th\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian).<\/span><\/p>\nV\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, “in which” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 “trong \u0111\u00f3”, “m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3”, ho\u1eb7c “\u1edf \u0111\u00f3”, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap n\u1ed1i hai m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a “in which”<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>Thay th\u1ebf cho “where”<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “in which” l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf cho tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 “where” khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 “where” th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong v\u0103n n\u00f3i v\u00e0 v\u0103n vi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, “in which” mang s\u1eafc th\u00e1i trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u0103n phong h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 1:<\/b> This is the house <\/span>where<\/b> I grew up. (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean.)<\/span><\/p>\nV\u1edbi “in which”:<\/b> This is the house <\/span>in which<\/b> I grew up. (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean.)<\/span><\/p>\nTrong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, “in which” thay th\u1ebf cho “where” v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m “house” l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng “grew up” di\u1ec5n ra.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2:<\/b> The park <\/span>where<\/b> we often meet is very beautiful. (C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p.)<\/span><\/li>\n
- V\u1edbi “in which”:<\/b> The park <\/span>in which<\/b> we often meet is very beautiful. (C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>D\u00f9ng trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n“In which” \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho c\u00e2u v\u0103n, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00edt trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1 (H\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt):<\/b> The study describes a complex system <\/span>in which<\/b> various factors interact. (Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong v\u0103n phong h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, n\u01a1i “in which” l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa “complex system” v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2 (Ph\u00e1p l\u00fd):<\/b> This is a contract <\/span>in which<\/b> the terms and conditions are clearly outlined. (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. “In which” gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5 3 (Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u):<\/b> We developed a model <\/span>in which<\/b> the impact of climate change can be predicted. (Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
“In which” \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a “model”, cho bi\u1ebft m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t “in which”, “at which”, “on which”, “for which”, “of which”, “when”, “where”<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nVi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb + “which” v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 “when”, “where” l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- In which:<\/b> D\u00f9ng khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i “trong \u0111\u00f3”, “\u1edf \u0111\u00f3” (li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian, th\u1eddi gian, ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng bao h\u00e0m).<\/span>\n
\n- The box <\/span><\/i>\u00a0(H\u1ed9p m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- At which:<\/b> D\u00f9ng khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i “t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3”, “v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3” (ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian).<\/span>\n
\n- The meeting <\/span><\/i>at which<\/i><\/b> the decision was made lasted three hours.<\/span><\/i> (Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ba gi\u1edd.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- On which:<\/b> D\u00f9ng khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i “tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3” (ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t).<\/span>\n
\n- This is the table <\/span><\/i>on which<\/i><\/b> I placed the documents.<\/span><\/i> (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00e0n m\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- For which:<\/b> D\u00f9ng khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i “v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3”, “d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3”.<\/span>\n
\n- He gave a reason <\/span><\/i>for which<\/i><\/b> he was late.<\/span><\/i> (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do m\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- Of which:<\/b> D\u00f9ng khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i “c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3”, “trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3”.<\/span>\n
\n- She has many books, some <\/span><\/i>of which<\/i><\/b> are very old.<\/span><\/i> (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u0169.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- When:<\/b> Tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi “in which”, “at which”, “on which” khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/span>\n
\n- I remember the day <\/span><\/i>when<\/i><\/b> we first met.<\/span><\/i> (T\u00f4i nh\u1edb c\u00e1i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p nhau l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u.)<\/span><\/li>\n
- I remember the day <\/span><\/i>on which<\/i><\/b> we first met.<\/span><\/i> (Trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- Where:<\/b> Tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi “in which”, “at which”, “on which” khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/span>\n
\n- This is the place <\/span><\/i>where<\/i><\/b> the accident happened.<\/span><\/i> (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tai n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.)<\/span><\/li>\n
- This is the place <\/span><\/i>in which<\/i><\/b> the accident happened.<\/span><\/i> (Trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nH\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1n “in which”, “at which”, “on which”, “for which”, “of which”, “when”, ho\u1eb7c “where” v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- This is the restaurant ______ we had our first date.<\/span><\/li>\n
- The company introduced a new policy ______ employees can work from home.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Do you remember the year ______ the Berlin Wall fell?<\/span><\/li>\n
- She showed me the beautiful painting, the details ______ were incredible.<\/span><\/li>\n
- This is the exact point ______ the two roads diverge.<\/span><\/li>\n