<\/span><\/h2>\nTrong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Anh, k\u00fd\u00a0 hi\u1ec7u O\u00a0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c, ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef (object) trong c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
T\u00e2n ng\u1eef l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, b\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a cho\u00a0 c\u00e2u, th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (transitive verbs) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb, c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a O:<\/b> T\u00e2n ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5: She reads a book. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch.) \u2192 a book<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef (O).<\/p>\n
2. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a O:<\/b> T\u00e2n ng\u1eef b\u1ed5 sung \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec?\u201d (what?) ho\u1eb7c \u201cai?\u201d (whom?).<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> He kicked the ball. (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1 qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng.) \u2192 H\u1ecfi: He kicked what? \u2192 The ball<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (direct object) v\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (indirect object), m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef (O) Tr\u1ef1c Ti\u1ebfp Trong Ti\u1ebfng Anh L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (direct object) l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec?\u201d (what?) ho\u1eb7c \u201cai?\u201d (whom?) trong c\u00e2u.\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/span> Ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef (S) + \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (V) + T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (O).<\/div>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n- She bought a car. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe.) \u2192 a car<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
- He saw Mary. (Anh \u1ea5y nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y Mary.) \u2192 Mary<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m danh t\u1eeb\/c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb, c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef Tr\u1ef1c Ti\u1ebfp \u0110\u00f3ng Vai Tr\u00f2 L\u00e0 Danh T\u1eeb\/C\u1ee5m Danh T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n- I ate an apple. (T\u00f4i \u0103n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o.) \u2192 an apple<\/b> l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
- She wrote a long letter. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0 d\u00e0i.) \u2192 a long letter<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft:<\/b><\/span> T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec?\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cai?\u201d ngay sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb.<\/p>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> She painted the house. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y s\u01a1n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0.) \u2192 H\u1ecfi: She painted what? \u2192 The house<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef Tr\u1ef1c Ti\u1ebfp L\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n x\u01b0ng (object pronoun) nh\u01b0 \u201cme\u201d, \u201cyou\u201d, \u201chim\u201d, \u201cher\u201d, \u201cit\u201d, \u201cus\u201d, \u201cthem\u201d.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n- He called me. (Anh \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i.) \u2192 me<\/b> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
- She loves them. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y y\u00eau h\u1ecd.) \u2192 them<\/b> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/b><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1eeb t\u00e2n ng\u1eef (object pronouns) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf danh t\u1eeb nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh l\u1eb7p t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111ang thay th\u1ebf cho ai\/c\u00e1i g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef Tr\u1ef1c Ti\u1ebfp \u0110\u00f3ng Vai Tr\u00f2 C\u1ee5m T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb (phrase), th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ed9ng danh t\u1eeb (gerund phrase).<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n- I enjoy playing football. (T\u00f4i th\u00edch ch\u01a1i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1.) \u2192 playing football<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ed9ng danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
- She bought a pair of shoes. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y mua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y.) \u2192 a pair of shoes<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft:<\/b><\/span> C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a danh t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb b\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef Tr\u1ef1c Ti\u1ebfp \u0110\u00f3ng Vai Tr\u00f2 M\u1ec7nh \u0110\u1ec1<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nTrong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 (clause), th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u201cthat\u201d, \u201cwhat\u201d, \u201chow\u201d, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1eeb nghi v\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n- She knows that he is coming. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn.) \u2192 that he is coming<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
- I wonder what she said. (T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec.) \u2192 what she said<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft:<\/b><\/span> M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n cho \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef (O) Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp Trong Ti\u1ebfng Anh L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\nT\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (indirect object) l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201ccho ai?\u201d (to whom?) ho\u1eb7c \u201cv\u1edbi ai?\u201d (for whom?). T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/span>\u00a0Ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef (S) + \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (V) + T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (IO) + T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (DO).<\/div>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> She gave John a book. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a cho John m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch.) \u2192 John<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, a book<\/b> l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\nHo\u1eb7c:<\/p>\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/span>\u00a0Ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef (S) + \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (V) + T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp + to\/for + T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/div>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> She gave a book to John. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch cho John.)<\/p>\n<\/span>L\u00e0m Sao \u0110\u1ec3 X\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u00e2n Ng\u1eef Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp Trong C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac Ti\u1ebfng Anh?<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n
1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e2u:<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u201cto\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cfor\u201d.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> He told me a story. (Anh \u1ea5y k\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.) \u2192 me l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, a story l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\nN\u1ebfu c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u201cto\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cfor\u201d, t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ee9ng sau t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> He told a story to me. (Anh \u1ea5y k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n cho t\u00f4i.)<\/p>\n2. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201ccho ai?\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cv\u1edbi ai?\u201d.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/span> She sent Mary a letter. \u2192 H\u1ecfi: She sent a letter to whom? \u2192 Mary l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n3. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111i k\u00e8m:<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u201cgive\u201d, \u201csend\u201d, \u201ctell\u201d, \u201cshow\u201d, \u201cbuy\u201d, \u201coffer\u201d, v.v., v\u1ed1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n